Viewing Statistics in SSMS

I’m in the process of creating a post about statistics and came across something in SQL Server Management Studio that was driving me crazy. I thought I’d post it here so that others might not waste an hour or two like I did puzzling over this.

When you create in index in SQL Server, SQL automatically creates a statistic for the columns in the index. In the screenshot below, you can see my table named SJSTest, to which I have added a clustered index called, somewhat unoriginally, ClusteredIndex. When you expand the Statistics folder, you can see SQL has automatically created a statistic with the same name as the index.

Screen1

The clustered index is composed of Col2, Col1, and Col3:

Screen2

We expect SQL Server to create a statistic with those columns and in that order. But if we look at the properties of the statistic we see this:

Screen3

What’s going on? Why are the columns in the statistic not in the same order as the columns in the index? Well, it turns out, they are. If we look on the Details page, we see the density vector is, in fact, created as Col2, Col1, Col3, which is the order of the columns in the index:

Screen4

At the time, I happened to be flipping back and forth between the property pages of indexes and statistics a lot and this really confused me. In the property page for an index, the columns are listed in the order the are in the index, but on the property page for statistics, the columns are displayed in the order they exist in the table.

I’m using SSMS version 13.0.15600.2. It would be nice if they made in the statistics property page behave the same as the index property page in a future version.

I have created a Connect item for this. If you agree, please vote for it.

SQL 2016 May Need .Net Framework 3.5 After All

UPDATE: This has been fixed with SQL 2016 CU2 and SQL 2016 SP1 CU2.

UPDATE TO THE UPDATE: Today, July 3, 2018, I installed a brand new copy of SQL 2016 and patched it to SQL 2016 SP2 CU1. The .Net 3.5 framework was still not installed and I still had the same problems with database mail mentioned below until I manually installed it.

I’ve seen a lot of blog posts written about how SQL Server 2016 no longer requires .Net Framework 3.5 to be installed. This seems to be true to some extent; the SQL 2016 install program will no longer abort if it is not installed, like it did in previous versions.

And the SQL installer does not install the .Net Framework 3.5 on its own either. I installed SQL 2016 on three different machines and none of them had the .Net Framework installed before or after the SQL 2016 install completed.

However, I did run into one issue later on regarding database mail. I was able to configure it correctly and was even able to send a test email through SSMS without any errors. Unfortunately, the email was never delivered. Additionally, the database mail logs did not show database mail starting or attempting to send the message. I checked with my Exchange administrator and he said he never saw the SQL Server connecting to the mail server.

A check of the database mail table in msdb (sysmail_allitems) showed my messages sitting there with a status of Unsent.

After troubleshooting for a couple of hours and getting nowhere, we installed in the .Net Framework 3.5 and suddenly database mail started working.

This can be dangerous if you are relying on database mail to send alerts. I received no warnings or error messages when sending an email. All indications were that the mail was sent successfully. I only knew there was an issue because my standard build script sends an email and I knew to expect one when building a new server and I never got one.

I’ve not had much time yet to dig deeper into this and, as I mentioned, I’ve only tried this on 3 SQL Servers, but it has happened consistently on all three and the solution was the same on all three: installed .Net Framework 3.5. The root cause may turn out to be something else, but at least for right now, it seems SQL Server 2016 still needs .Net Framework 3.5 if you want database mail to function.

(And to clarify, I ran into this on three brand new installations. I have not done an in-place upgrade, so this might not occur in that situation.)

Price Reductions On All My Online Courses!

I’m pleased to announce that prices have been permanently reduced on ALL my online SQL Server courses! Additionally, use the links below to save an additional 15% off the newly reduced prices!

 

Microsoft SQL Server 101 – This course is designed for new DBAs and involuntary DBAs or anyone who needs to learn the basics of SQL Server. The course can be found here at Udemy.com and includes demos and sample scripts. Use this link (or enter the coupon code 15BLOG) and get a 15% discount! This course is over 4 hours long and can be taken at your own pace.

Understanding Data Compression in SQL Server – This course delves into how SQL Server’s data compression feature works and how and when to implement it. The course can be found here at Udemy.com. It includes demos and sample scripts. Use this link (or enter the coupon code 15BLOG) and get a 15% discount! This course is approximately 1.5 hours long and can be taken at your own pace.

SQL Server Maintenance Plans – This course will teach you all about SQL Server’s maintenance plans and what they can (and can’t) do. The course can be found here at Udemy.com. It includes demos and sample scripts. Use this link (or enter the coupon code 15BLOG) and get a 15% discount! This course is almost 2 hours long and can be taken at your own pace.

Understanding Statistics in SQL Server – This course will teach you all about statistics in SQL Server – what they look like, how they are used, and how to maintain them. I also go over common problems caused by out of data statistics and how to find and fix them. The course can be found here at Udemy.com. It includes demos and sample scripts. Use this link (or enter the coupon code 15BLOG) and get a 15% discount! This course is almost 2 hours long and can be taken at your own pace.

Sample videos from my courses can be found on my YouTube channel here.

 

Enabling Data Compression – January 2016 Update

Reader Dick H. posted a comment on my last version of this script stating that he got an error when this was run against tables containing sparse columns. Data compression does not support tables with sparse columns, so they should be excluded from this process. I’ve modified this script to correct this. I don’t have any tables with sparse columns in my environment, so thanks to Dick for pointing this out!

For instructions on using this script, look here.

 

CREATE PROC [dbo].[up_CompressDatabase]
      (
       @minCompression FLOAT = .25 /* e.g. .25 for minimum of 25% compression */
      ,@MaxRunTimeInMinutes INT = 60
      ,@ExecuteCompressCommand BIT = 0  /* 1 to execute command */
      ,@DBToScan sysname /* database to compress */
      )
AS
      SET NOCOUNT ON;
 
/*
    Original script by Paul Nielsen www.SQLServerBible.com March 13, 2008
    Modified by Shaun J. Stuart www.shaunjstuart.com February 27, 2013
 
  Sets compression for all objects and indexes in the database needing adjustment
  If estimated gain is equal to or greater than min compression parameter
    then enables row or page compression, whichever gives greater space savings
  If row and page have same gain then, enables row compression
  If estimated gain is less than min compression parameter, then compression is set to none
 
  - SJS 2/27/13
  - Added @MaxRunTimeInMinutes to limit run length (checked afer each command, so
        may run longer) Note: This timer only applies to the actual compression process.
        It does not limit the time it takes to perform a scan of all the tables / indexes
        and estimate compression savings.
  - Sorted compression cursor to compress smallest tables first
  - Added flag to execute compression command or not
  - Added sort in tempdb option (always)
  - Re-wrote slightly to persist initial scan results. Will only re-scan after all tables
        have been processed
 
    - SJS 7/17/13
    - Modified to only look at data that is not already compressed
    - Modified for that any items with null none_size, page_size, or row_size are no longer set as
        AlreadyProcessed and now have their sizes calculated (i.e. if process was cancelled before
        initial scan was completed)
    - Modified so that time limit now applies to compression estimate process as well as actual
        compression process
    - Only look at partitions that have at least one row
 
    - SJS 8/6/13
    - Changed name of dbEstimate table to dbCompressionEstimates for clarity
    - Added StatusText column to dbCompressionEstimates and added status messages
    - Modified to take database name as input parameter to allow use in utility database
        instead of the DB being compressed (Table dbCompressionEstimates, which stores sizes and
        compression estimates, is still created in the current database.)
    - Note: Compression estimates are only made for the database supplied as an input
        parameter. However, that database name is stored in the dbCompressionEstimates table and
        will be read from there and used when actually performing the compression. This allows you to
        create estimates only for multiple databases (using @ExecuteCompressCommand=0), then perform
        the compression across multiple databases later (with @ExecuteCompressCommand=1).
    - Removed all references to code that checked already compressed data since this routine now only
        looks at uncompressed data.
 
    - SJS 8/21/13
    - Put []s around table and index names in compression commands.
 
    - SJS 10/7/13
    - Added check to make sure table / index still exists before estimating or performing compression.
    - Fixed bug in cursor to determine compression estimates (left out db name in where clause)

    - SJS 1/31/14
    - Fixed bug where nonclustered indexes were always flagged as no longer present (Thanks to cp
		for pointing this out at
		http://shaunjstuart.com/archive/2013/10/enabling-data-compression-october-2013-update/comment-page-1/#comment)

    - SJS 4/14/14
    - Another fix to handle tables with spaces in their names
 
    - SJS 8/12/15
    - Put []s around table and schema names in estimate page and row compression commands
    - Added edition check

    - SJS 10/13/15
    - Changed PRINT statements to RAISERROR WITH NOWAITs to output info immediately during execution
    - Fixed bug where error was generated when max runtime exceeded

    - SJS 1/4/16
    - Excluded tables with sparse columns (they do not support compression)

*/

      DECLARE @EditionCheck VARCHAR(50);
      DECLARE @ProgressMessage VARCHAR(2044);

      SELECT    @EditionCheck = CAST(SERVERPROPERTY('Edition') AS VARCHAR(50));
      IF LEFT(@EditionCheck, 10) <> 'Enterprise'
         AND LEFT(@EditionCheck, 9) <> 'Developer'
         BEGIN
               PRINT 'Database compression is only supported on Enterprise and Developer editions '
                     + 'of SQL Server. This server is running '
                     + @EditionCheck + '.';
               RETURN;
         END;



      IF ISNULL(@DBToScan, '') NOT IN (SELECT
                                            [name]
                                       FROM sys.databases)
         BEGIN
               SELECT   'Database ' + ISNULL(@DBToScan,
                                            'NULL')
                        + ' not found on server.';
               RETURN;
         END;
 
      DECLARE @CompressedCount INT;
      SET @CompressedCount = 0;
 
      DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(MAX);
      DECLARE @ParmDefinition NVARCHAR(100);
      DECLARE @TestResult NVARCHAR(20);
      DECLARE @CheckString NVARCHAR(1000);
 
      DECLARE @StartTime DATETIME2;
      SET @StartTime = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP;
 
      DECLARE @CurrentDatabase sysname;
      SET @CurrentDatabase = DB_NAME();
 
      IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..##ObjEst', 'U') IS NOT NULL
         DROP TABLE ##ObjEst;
 
      CREATE TABLE ##ObjEst
             (
              PK INT IDENTITY
                     NOT NULL
                     PRIMARY KEY
             ,object_name VARCHAR(250)
             ,schema_name VARCHAR(250)
             ,index_id INT
             ,partition_number INT
             ,size_with_current_compression_setting BIGINT
             ,size_with_requested_compression_setting BIGINT
             ,sample_size_with_current_compression_setting
                BIGINT
             ,sample_size_with_requested_compresison_setting
                BIGINT
             );
 
      IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT    1
                      FROM      sys.objects
                      WHERE     object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[dbCompressionEstimates]')
                                AND type IN (N'U') )
         BEGIN
               CREATE TABLE dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
                      (
                       PK INT IDENTITY
                              NOT NULL
                              PRIMARY KEY
                      ,DatabaseName sysname
                      ,schema_name VARCHAR(250)
                      ,object_name VARCHAR(250)
                      ,index_id INT
                      ,ixName VARCHAR(255)
                      ,ixType VARCHAR(50)
                      ,partition_number INT
                      ,data_compression_desc VARCHAR(50)
                      ,None_Size INT
                      ,Row_Size INT
                      ,Page_Size INT
                      ,AlreadyProcessed BIT
                      ,StatusText VARCHAR(75)
                      );
         END;
 
  /*
 If all objects have been processed, rescan and start fresh. Useful for catching
  added objects since last scan. But beware - this is I/O intensive and can take a while.
*/
 
      IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT    1
                      FROM      dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
                      WHERE     AlreadyProcessed = 0
                                AND DatabaseName = @DBToScan )
         BEGIN
               SET @ProgressMessage = 'No unprocessed items found. Starting new scan.';
               RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;
               DELETE   FROM dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
               WHERE    DatabaseName = @DBToScan;
 
               SET @SQL = 'USE [' + @DBToScan + '];
                        INSERT   INTO [' + @CurrentDatabase
                   + '].dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
                                (DatabaseName
                                ,schema_name
                                ,object_name
                                ,index_id
                                ,ixName
                                ,ixType
                                ,partition_number
                                ,data_compression_desc
                                ,AlreadyProcessed
                                ,StatusText)
                        SELECT  ''' + @DBToScan
                   + '''
                                ,S.name
                               ,O.name
                               ,I.index_id
                               ,I.name
                               ,I.type_desc
                               ,P.partition_number
                               ,P.data_compression_desc
                               ,0 AS AlreadyProcessed
                               ,''Initial load'' AS StatusText
                        FROM    [' + @DBToScan
                   + '].sys.schemas AS S
                                JOIN [' + @DBToScan
                   + '].sys.objects AS O ON S.schema_id = O.schema_id
                                JOIN [' + @DBToScan
                   + '].sys.indexes AS I ON O.object_id = I.object_id
                                JOIN [' + @DBToScan
                   + '].sys.partitions AS P ON I.object_id = P.object_id
                                                            AND I.index_id = P.index_id
                        WHERE   O.TYPE = ''U''
                                AND P.data_compression_desc = ''NONE''
								AND O.object_id NOT IN (SELECT object_id 
									FROM    [' + @DBToScan + '].sys.columns	WHERE is_sparse = 1)
                                AND P.rows > 0;';     -- only look at objects with data
               EXEC (@SQL);
         END;
            -- Determine Compression Estimates
      SET @ProgressMessage = 'Beginning compression estimate phase.';
      RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;
      DECLARE @PK INT
             ,@DatabaseName sysname
             ,@Schema VARCHAR(150)
             ,@object VARCHAR(150)
             ,@DAD VARCHAR(25)
             ,@partNO VARCHAR(3)
             ,@indexID VARCHAR(3)
             ,@ixName VARCHAR(250)
             ,@ixType VARCHAR(50)
             ,@Recommended_Compression VARCHAR(10);
 
      DECLARE cCompress CURSOR FAST_FORWARD
      FOR
              SELECT    schema_name
                       ,object_name
                       ,index_id
                       ,partition_number
                       ,data_compression_desc
                       ,ixName
              FROM      dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
              WHERE     (None_Size IS NULL
                         OR Row_Size IS NULL
                         OR Page_Size IS NULL)
                        AND DatabaseName = @DBToScan;
 
      OPEN cCompress;
 
      FETCH cCompress INTO @Schema, @object, @indexID,
            @partNO, @DAD, @ixName;
 
      WHILE @@Fetch_Status = 0
            BEGIN
                            /* evaluate objects with no compression */
                  IF DATEDIFF(mi, @StartTime,
                              CURRENT_TIMESTAMP) < @MaxRunTimeInMinutes
                     BEGIN
                            /* First, make sure the table / index still exists (in case this
                                process is run over multiple days */
 
                           IF @indexID = 0
                              BEGIN /* heaps */
                                    SET @CheckString = 'IF object_ID('''
                                        + @DBToScan + '.'
                                        + @Schema + '.'
                                        + @object
                                        + ''') IS NULL
                                    BEGIN
                                        SELECT @TestResultOUT = ''Does Not Exist''
                                    END
                                    ELSE
                                    BEGIN
                                        SELECT @TestResultOUT = ''Exists''
                                    END';
                              END;
                           ELSE
                              BEGIN /* indexes */
                                    SET @CheckString = 'IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM ['
                                        + @DBToScan
                                        + '].[sys].[indexes] WHERE [name] ='''
                                        + @ixName
                                        + ''' AND OBJECT_ID('''
                                        + '[' + @DBToScan
                                        + ']' + '.['
                                        + @Schema + '].['
                                        + @object + ']'''
                                        + ') = [object_id])
                                    BEGIN
                                        SELECT @TestResultOUT = ''Does Not Exist''
                                    END
                                    ELSE
                                    BEGIN
                                        SELECT @TestResultOUT = ''Exists''
                                    END';
                              END;

                           SET @ParmDefinition = '@TestResultOUT varchar(20) OUTPUT';
                           
                           EXECUTE sp_executesql
                            @CheckString
                           ,@ParmDefinition
                           ,@TestResultOUT = @TestResult OUTPUT;
                           IF @TestResult = 'Exists'
                              BEGIN
 
                                    IF @DAD = 'none'
                                       BEGIN
                                    /* estimate Page compression */
                                            SET @SQL = 'USE ['
                                            + @DBToScan
                                            + '];
                                        INSERT  ##ObjEst
                                                (object_name
                                                ,schema_name
                                                ,index_id
                                                ,partition_number
                                                ,size_with_current_compression_setting
                                                ,size_with_requested_compression_setting
                                                ,sample_size_with_current_compression_setting
                                                ,sample_size_with_requested_compresison_setting)
                                                EXEC sp_estimate_data_compression_savings
                                                    @Schema_name = ['
                                            + @Schema
                                            + ']
                                                   ,@object_name = ['
                                            + @object
                                            + ']
                                                   ,@index_id = '
                                            + @indexID
                                            + '
                                                   ,@partition_number = '
                                            + @partNO
                                            + '
                                                   ,@data_compression = ''PAGE'';';

                                            SET @ProgressMessage = 'Estimating PAGE compression for '
                                            + '['
                                            + @DBToScan
                                            + '].['
                                            + @Schema
                                            + '].['
                                            + @object
                                            + '], '
                                            + 'index id '
                                            + CAST(@indexID AS VARCHAR(3))
                                            + ', '
                                            + 'partition number '
                                            + CAST(@partNO AS VARCHAR(3));
                                            RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;

                                            EXEC (@SQL);
 
                                            UPDATE
                                            dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
                                            SET
                                            None_Size = O.size_with_current_compression_setting
                                           ,Page_Size = O.size_with_requested_compression_setting
                                           ,StatusText = 'Compression estimate 50% complete'
                                            FROM
                                            dbo.dbCompressionEstimates D
                                            JOIN ##ObjEst O
                                            ON D.schema_name = O.schema_name
                                            AND D.object_name = O.object_name
                                            AND D.index_id = O.index_id
                                            AND D.partition_number = O.partition_number;
 
                                            DELETE
                                            ##ObjEst;
 
                                    -- estimate Row compression
                                            SET @SQL = 'USE ['
                                            + @DBToScan
                                            + '];
                                        INSERT  ##ObjEst
                                                (object_name
                                                ,schema_name
                                                ,index_id
                                                ,partition_number
                                                ,size_with_current_compression_setting
                                                ,size_with_requested_compression_setting
                                                ,sample_size_with_current_compression_setting
                                                ,sample_size_with_requested_compresison_setting)
                                                EXEC sp_estimate_data_compression_savings
                                                    @Schema_name = ['
                                            + @Schema
                                            + ']
                                                   ,@object_name = ['
                                            + @object
                                            + ']
                                                   ,@index_id = '
                                            + @indexID
                                            + '
                                                   ,@partition_number = '
                                            + @partNO
                                            + '
                                                   ,@data_compression = ''ROW'';';

                                            SET @ProgressMessage = 'Estimating ROW compression for '
                                            + '['
                                            + @DBToScan
                                            + '].['
                                            + @Schema
                                            + '].['
                                            + @object
                                            + '], '
                                            + 'index id '
                                            + CAST(@indexID AS VARCHAR(3))
                                            + ', '
                                            + 'partition number '
                                            + CAST(@partNO AS VARCHAR(3));
                                            RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;


                                            EXEC (@SQL);
 
                                            UPDATE
                                            dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
                                            SET
                                            Row_Size = O.size_with_requested_compression_setting
                                           ,StatusText = 'Compression estimate 100% complete'
                                            FROM
                                            dbo.dbCompressionEstimates D
                                            JOIN ##ObjEst O
                                            ON D.schema_name = O.schema_name
                                            AND D.object_name = O.object_name
                                            AND D.index_id = O.index_id
                                            AND D.partition_number = O.partition_number;
 
                                            DELETE
                                            ##ObjEst;
                                       END; /* end evaluating objects with no compression */
                              END;
                           ELSE /* table or index no longer exists */
                              BEGIN
                                    SET @ProgressMessage = 'Encountered table or index that no longer exists at compression estimate stage. Skipping.';
                                    RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;

                                    UPDATE  dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
                                    SET     AlreadyProcessed = 1
                                           ,StatusText = 'Object no longer exists at compression estimate stage'
                                    WHERE   schema_name = @Schema
                                            AND object_name = @object
                                            AND index_id = @indexID
                                            AND partition_number = @partNO
                                            AND data_compression_desc = @DAD
                                            AND DatabaseName = @DBToScan;
                              END;
 
                           FETCH NEXT FROM cCompress INTO @Schema,
                                 @object, @indexID, @partNO,
                                 @DAD, @ixName;
                     END; -- end time check block
                  ELSE
                     BEGIN
                           SET @ProgressMessage = 'Max runtime reached. No compression performed. Compression estimate still processing. Exiting...';
                           RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;

                           CLOSE cCompress;
                           DEALLOCATE cCompress;
                           DROP TABLE ##ObjEst;
                           RETURN;
                     END;
            END; -- end while loop
 
      CLOSE cCompress;
      DEALLOCATE cCompress;
 
      SET @ProgressMessage = 'Compression estimate scan complete.';
      RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;
         --END
  /* End evaluating compression savings. Now do the actual compressing. */
 
      SET @ProgressMessage = 'Beginning compression.';
      RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;
 
  /* Do not process objects that do not meet our compression criteria */
 
      SET @ProgressMessage = 'Skipping empty objects and objects that do not meet '
          + 'the minimum compression threshold.';
      RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;

      UPDATE    dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
      SET       AlreadyProcessed = 1
               ,StatusText = 'Best compression method less than minCompression threshold'
      WHERE     (1 - (CAST(Row_Size AS FLOAT) / None_Size)) < @minCompression
                AND (Row_Size <= Page_Size)
                AND None_Size > 0
                AND AlreadyProcessed = 0;
 
      UPDATE    dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
      SET       AlreadyProcessed = 1
               ,StatusText = 'Best compression method less than minCompression threshold'
      WHERE     (1 - (CAST(Page_Size AS FLOAT) / None_Size)) < @minCompression
                AND (Page_Size <= Row_Size)
                AND None_Size > 0
                AND AlreadyProcessed = 0;
 
  /* Do not set compression on empty objects */
 
      UPDATE    dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
      SET       AlreadyProcessed = 1
               ,StatusText = 'No data in table to compress'
      WHERE     None_Size = 0
                AND AlreadyProcessed = 0;
 
 -- set the compression
      DECLARE cCompress CURSOR FAST_FORWARD
      FOR
              SELECT    DatabaseName
                       ,schema_name
                       ,object_name
                       ,partition_number
                       ,ixName
                       ,ixType
                       ,CASE WHEN (1
                                   - (CAST(Row_Size AS FLOAT)
                                      / None_Size)) >= @minCompression
                                  AND (Row_Size <= Page_Size)
                             THEN 'Row'
                             WHEN (1
                                   - (CAST(Page_Size AS FLOAT)
                                      / None_Size)) >= @minCompression
                                  AND (Page_Size <= Row_Size)
                             THEN 'Page'
                             ELSE 'None'
                        END AS Recommended_Compression
                       ,PK
              FROM      dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
              WHERE     None_Size <> 0
                        AND (CASE WHEN (1
                                        - (CAST(Row_Size AS FLOAT)
                                           / None_Size)) >= @minCompression
                                       AND (Row_Size <= Page_Size)
                                  THEN 'Row'
                                  WHEN (1
                                        - (CAST(Page_Size AS FLOAT)
                                           / None_Size)) >= @minCompression
                                       AND (Page_Size <= Row_Size)
                                  THEN 'Page'
                                  ELSE 'None'
                             END <> data_compression_desc)
                        AND AlreadyProcessed = 0
              ORDER BY  None_Size ASC;      /* start with smallest tables first */
 
      OPEN cCompress;
 
      FETCH cCompress INTO @DatabaseName, @Schema, @object,
            @partNO, @ixName, @ixType,
            @Recommended_Compression, @PK;  -- prime the cursor;
 
      WHILE @@Fetch_Status = 0
            BEGIN
 
                  IF @ixType = 'Clustered'
                     OR @ixType = 'heap'
                     BEGIN
                           SET @SQL = 'USE ['
                               + @DatabaseName + '];
                                ALTER TABLE [' + @Schema
                               + '].[' + @object
                               + '] Rebuild with (data_compression = '
                               + @Recommended_Compression
                               + ', SORT_IN_TEMPDB=ON)';
 
                           SET @CheckString = 'IF object_ID('''
                               + @DatabaseName + '.'
                               + @Schema + '.' + @object
                               + ''') IS NULL
                                BEGIN
                                    SELECT @TestResultOUT = ''Does Not Exist''
                                END
                                ELSE
                                BEGIN
                                    SELECT @TestResultOUT = ''Exists''
                                END';
                     END;
 
                  ELSE  /* non-clustered index */
                     BEGIN
                           SET @SQL = 'USE ['
                               + @DatabaseName + '];
                                ALTER INDEX [' + @ixName
                               + '] on [' + @Schema + '].['
                               + @object
                               + '] Rebuild with (data_compression = '
                               + @Recommended_Compression
                               + ',SORT_IN_TEMPDB=ON)';
 
                           SET @CheckString = 'IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM ['
                               + @DBToScan
                               + '].[sys].[indexes] WHERE [name] ='''
                               + @ixName
                               + ''' AND OBJECT_ID(''' + '['
                               + @DBToScan + ']' + '.['
                               + @Schema + '].[' + @object
                               + ']'''
                               + ') = [object_id])
                            BEGIN
                                SELECT @TestResultOUT = ''Does Not Exist''
                            END
                            ELSE
                            BEGIN
                                SELECT @TestResultOUT = ''Exists''
                            END';
                     END;

                  IF DATEDIFF(mi, @StartTime,
                              CURRENT_TIMESTAMP) < @MaxRunTimeInMinutes
                     BEGIN
                           IF @ExecuteCompressCommand = 1
                              BEGIN
 
                            /* verify that table / index still exists before doing anything */
 
                                    SET @ParmDefinition = '@TestResultOUT varchar(20) OUTPUT';
                                    EXECUTE sp_executesql
                                        @CheckString
                                       ,@ParmDefinition
                                       ,@TestResultOUT = @TestResult OUTPUT;
                                    IF @TestResult = 'Exists'
                                       BEGIN
 
                                            UPDATE
                                            dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
                                            SET
                                            StatusText = 'Compressing data...'
                                            WHERE
                                            PK = @PK;
 
                                            SET @ProgressMessage = 'Compressing table/index: '
                                            + '[' + @ixName
                                            + '] on ['
                                            + @Schema
                                            + '].['
                                            + @object
                                            + '] in database '
                                            + @DatabaseName;

                                            RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;

                                            EXEC sp_executesql
                                            @SQL;
 
                                            UPDATE
                                            dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
                                            SET
                                            AlreadyProcessed = 1
                                           ,StatusText = 'Compression complete'
                                            WHERE
                                            PK = @PK;
 
                                            SET @CompressedCount = @CompressedCount
                                            + 1;
                                       END;
                                    ELSE
                                       BEGIN
                                            SET @ProgressMessage = 'Encountered table or index that no longer exists at compression stage. Skipping.';
                                            RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;


                                            UPDATE
                                            dbo.dbCompressionEstimates
                                            SET
                                            AlreadyProcessed = 1
                                           ,StatusText = 'Object no longer exists at compression stage'
                                            WHERE
                                            PK = @PK;
                                       END;
                              END;
                           ELSE
                              BEGIN

                                    SET @ProgressMessage = 'Command execution not enabled. Command is:'
                                        + @SQL;
                                    RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;

                              END;
                     END;
                  ELSE
                     BEGIN
                           SET @ProgressMessage = 'Max runtime reached. Some compression performed. Exiting...';
                           RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;

                           CLOSE cCompress;
                           DEALLOCATE cCompress;
                           DROP TABLE ##ObjEst;
                           RETURN;
                     END;
 
                  FETCH cCompress INTO @DatabaseName,
                        @Schema, @object, @partNO, @ixName,
                        @ixType, @Recommended_Compression,
                        @PK;
            END;
 
      CLOSE cCompress;
      DEALLOCATE cCompress;
 
      SET @ProgressMessage = 'Objects compressed: '
          + CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), @CompressedCount);
      RAISERROR(@ProgressMessage,0,1) WITH NOWAIT;

      DROP TABLE ##ObjEst;
      RETURN;

Monitoring For Endless Index Defragmenting – November 2015

This is just a bug fix from my last post of this code. I ran into a case where you would not get notified if the only indexes in a database that were being repeatedly defragged had fill factors of 50 or less. I would think this would be a pretty rare case, but it happened to me, so maybe it isn’t so rare after all.

As usual, this script should be run in sync with the frequency of how often you clear out the CommandLog table or you could end up with unnecessarily small recommendations for fill factors.

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[up_IndexDefragFrequencyCheck]
      (
       @DatabaseToInvestigate VARCHAR(100) = NULL
      ,@DatabasesToSkip VARCHAR(MAX) = NULL
      ,@CommandLogDatabase VARCHAR(100) = NULL
      ,@CountThreshold TINYINT = 4
      ,@OverRebuildThresholdNewFF TINYINT = 70
      ,@OverReorgThresholdNewFF TINYINT = 80
      ,@MailProfileName sysname
      ,@MailRecipients VARCHAR(MAX) = NULL
	  )
AS /*
	
	This procedure scans the CommandLog table of Ola Hallengren's index defrag script
		(http://ola.hallengren.com/) and identifies indexes that are being rebuilt or
		reorganized regularly. The original code comes courtesy of Tim Ford, who blogged
		this at http://thesqlagentman.com/2013/10/whats-the-frequency-kenneth/. This routine
		expands his work. The procedure is meant to be run on a regular basis and will send 
		an email when it finds indexes being defragged more than a specified number of times.
		It will also suggest rebuilding the index with a new fill factor to reduce the number
		of rebuilds or reorgs. The new fill factor recommended is one you specify, if the current
		fill factor of the index is 0 or 100%, otherwise it is 10% less than the current
		fill factor. It will not recommend anything less than 50%.

		IMPORTANT!!! This routine looks at the log table and the _current_ fill factor setting
		of the indexes. Therefore, in order to get appropriate fill factor recommendations,
		this routine should NOT be run more often than the log table is cleared. FOR EXAMPLE,
		IF YOU KEEP 30 DAYS WORTH OF LOG RECORDS IN YOUR TABLE, THIS ROUTINE SHOULD NOT BE RUN
		MORE OFTEN THAN EVERY 30 DAYS. This is because if you change the fill factor of an index
		it may result in stopping rebuilds, but the log table will still have the records of the
		prior rebuilds, which may trigger another recommendation to reduce the fill factor, which
		would then be 10% less than what you just changed it to.

		Do not blindly run the commands in the email notification! They are meant to make it easier
		for a DBA to change the fill factor, but they should be evaluated first to ensure they
		are appropriate for your situation.
		
		Input parameters:

		@DatabaseToInvestigate - The database to scan for excessive defrags. A value of *
									will scan all databases with log entries in the
									CommandLog table.
		@CommandLogDatabase - Database holding the CommandLog table of Ola's routine
		@CountThreshold - indexes being defragged equal to or greater this number of times
							are flagged as being excessively defragged
		@OverRebuildThresholdNewFF - Initial starting fill factor suggestion for indexes that
							are being rebuilt more than @CountThreshold times. Only used when
							current fill factor is 0 or 100
		@OverReorgThresholdNewFF - Initial starting fill factor suggestion for indexes that
							are being reorganized more than @CountThreshold times. Only used when
							current fill factor is 0 or 100
		@MailProfileName - name of mail profile the routine can use to send email
		@MailRecipients - list of email addresses the notification will be sent to. Must be of
							the form xxx@xxx.xxx  Multiple addresses should be separated by a ;


		Shaun J. Stuart
		shaunjstuart.com

		v1.0 - 10/8/13
		v1.1 - 10/13/13 - SJS - Added support for case where current fill factor between 100 and the
								min thresholds passed in.
		v1.2 - 1/16/14  - SJS - Added check for SQL 2005, which does not support the PARTITION = ALL option
							  - Added check for Enterprise edition to set ONLINE = ON or OFF
							  - Added square brackets around DB name where they were not before to
									handle db names with periods in them
							  - Added database name to email subject line
		v1.3 - 9/9/15  - SJS  - Added comment to command output showing reorg/rebuild count and
									current fill factor to explain why command was generated
							  - Corrected bug where recommendation was not decrementing current
							    fill factor correctly
		v1.4 - 9/16/15  - SJS - Added check for missing database to scan and missing CommandLog db
							  - Now a value of ALL_DATABASES for @DatabaseToInvestigate will scan all
									databases with entries in the CommandLog table
		v1.5 - 9/23/15  - SJS - Added output to indicate if SQL edition supports online index rebuilds
							  - Now identifies Developer edition as supporting online index rebuilds
		v1.6 - 9/23/15  - SJS - Added check for valid mail profile name. Note - this does not check if the executing
									user has permission to use the profile. It only checks that it exists.
							  - Added new input parameter @DatabasesToSkip, which can contain a CSV list
									of databases to skip
							  - Modified input parameter @DatabaseToInvestigate to support CSV list of 
									of databases to investigate
		v1.7 - 11/16/15	- SJS -	Fixed bug where notices of indexes @ 50 or less fill factor were
									note being reported if they were the only indexes in the db that
									were being repeatedly defragged.


*/

      SET NOCOUNT ON;


      DECLARE @SQLstr VARCHAR(2000);
      DECLARE @EmailBody VARCHAR(MAX);
      DECLARE @CRLF CHAR(2);
      DECLARE @EmailSubject VARCHAR(200);
      DECLARE @SQLVersion TINYINT;
      DECLARE @SupportsOnlineRebuilds BIT;
      DECLARE @delimiter CHAR(1) ;
      DECLARE @Items TABLE (Item NVARCHAR(4000));
      DECLARE @LenList INT;
      DECLARE @ld INT;

      SET @CRLF = CHAR(13) + CHAR(10);
	  SET @delimiter = ',';
      SET @SQLVersion = LEFT(CAST(SERVERPROPERTY('productversion') AS VARCHAR(15)),
                             CHARINDEX('.',
                                       CAST(SERVERPROPERTY('productversion') AS VARCHAR(15)))
                             - 1);
	/* SQLVersion: 9 = SQL 2005, 10 = SQL 2008 or 2008 R2, 11 = 2012 */

      IF LEFT(CAST(SERVERPROPERTY('edition') AS VARCHAR(50)),
              10) = 'Enterprise'
         OR LEFT(CAST(SERVERPROPERTY('edition') AS VARCHAR(50)),
                 10) = 'Datacenter'
         OR LEFT(CAST(SERVERPROPERTY('edition') AS VARCHAR(50)),
                 9) = 'Developer'
         BEGIN
               SET @SupportsOnlineRebuilds = 1;
               SELECT   'SQL Server edition does support online index rebuilds.';
         END;
      ELSE
         BEGIN
               SET @SupportsOnlineRebuilds = 0;
               SELECT   'SQL Server edition does not support online index rebuilds.';
         END;

/* Data validation */

      IF @DatabaseToInvestigate IS NULL
         OR @DatabaseToInvestigate = ''
         BEGIN
               SELECT   'A database to investigate must be specified.';
               RETURN;
         END;

      IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT    1
                      FROM      sys.databases
                      WHERE     name = @DatabaseToInvestigate
                                AND state = 0 )
         AND @DatabaseToInvestigate <> 'ALL_DATABASES'
         AND @DatabaseToInvestigate NOT LIKE '%,%'
         BEGIN
               SELECT   'The database '
                        + @DatabaseToInvestigate
                        + ' is not accessible or '
                        + 'does not exist.';
               RETURN;
         END;

      IF @CommandLogDatabase IS NULL
         OR @CommandLogDatabase = ''
         BEGIN
               SELECT   'A database holding the CommandLog table must be specified.';
               RETURN;
         END;

      IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT    1
                      FROM      sys.databases
                      WHERE     name = @CommandLogDatabase
                                AND state = 0 )
         BEGIN
               SELECT   'The specified commandLog database, '
                        + @CommandLogDatabase + ', is not '
                        + 'accessible or does not exist.';
               RETURN;
         END;


      IF @MailRecipients IS NULL
         OR @MailRecipients = ''
         BEGIN
               SELECT   'At least one email recipient must be specified.';
               RETURN;
         END;

      IF @MailRecipients NOT LIKE '%@%.%'
         BEGIN
               SELECT   'Email recipient not valid address format.';
               RETURN;
         END;

      IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT    1
                      FROM      msdb.dbo.sysmail_profile sp
                      WHERE     name = @MailProfileName )
         BEGIN
               SELECT   'The specified mail profile, '
                        + @MailProfileName
                        + ', does not exist.';
               RETURN;
         END;

--============================================================================
-- Build list of dbs to check
--============================================================================
      IF EXISTS ( SELECT    name
                  FROM      tempdb.sys.objects
                  WHERE     name = '##DatabasesToInvestigate' )
         BEGIN
               DROP TABLE ##DatabasesToInvestigate;
         END;

      CREATE TABLE ##DatabasesToInvestigate (the_database
                                            sysname);

      IF @DatabaseToInvestigate = 'ALL_DATABASES'
         BEGIN
               SET @SQLstr = 'INSERT INTO ##DatabasesToInvestigate
				(the_database)
			SELECT DISTINCT	DatabaseName
			FROM	[' + @CommandLogDatabase
                   + '].dbo.CommandLog
			ORDER BY DatabaseName;';
			
               EXEC(@SQLstr);
         END;
      ELSE
         BEGIN

/* insert dbs to check */

               IF @DatabaseToInvestigate IS NOT NULL
                  BEGIN

                        SET @LenList = LEN(@DatabaseToInvestigate)
                            + 1;
                        SET @ld = LEN(@delimiter);
 
                        WITH    a AS (SELECT
                                            [start] = 1
                                           ,[end] = COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@delimiter,
                                            @DatabaseToInvestigate,
                                            1), 0), @LenList)
                                           ,[value] = SUBSTRING(@DatabaseToInvestigate,
                                            1,
                                            COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@delimiter,
                                            @DatabaseToInvestigate,
                                            1), 0), @LenList)
                                            - 1)
                                      UNION ALL
                                      SELECT
                                            [start] = CONVERT(INT, [end])
                                            + @ld
                                           ,[end] = COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@delimiter,
                                            @DatabaseToInvestigate,
                                            [end] + @ld), 0),
                                            @LenList)
                                           ,[value] = SUBSTRING(@DatabaseToInvestigate,
                                            [end] + @ld,
                                            COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@delimiter,
                                            @DatabaseToInvestigate,
                                            [end] + @ld), 0),
                                            @LenList)
                                            - [end] - @ld)
                                      FROM  a
                                      WHERE [end] < @LenList
                                     )
                             INSERT @Items
                                    SELECT  [value]
                                    FROM    a
                                    WHERE   LEN([value]) > 0
                             OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0);

                        SELECT  Item
                                + ' database name extracted'
                        FROM    @Items;

                        INSERT  INTO ##DatabasesToInvestigate
                                (the_database)
                                SELECT  Item
                                FROM    @Items;

                  END;

         END;

		/* Remove inaccessible databases */

      SELECT    the_database
                + ' database skipped (not accessible)'
      FROM      ##DatabasesToInvestigate
      WHERE     the_database IN (SELECT name
                                 FROM   sys.databases
                                 WHERE  state <> 0);

      DELETE    FROM ##DatabasesToInvestigate
      WHERE     the_database IN (SELECT name
                                 FROM   sys.databases
                                 WHERE  state <> 0);

		/* Remove databases no longer present */

      SELECT    the_database
                + ' database skipped (no longer present)'
      FROM      ##DatabasesToInvestigate
      WHERE     the_database NOT IN (SELECT name
                                     FROM   sys.databases);

      DELETE    FROM ##DatabasesToInvestigate
      WHERE     the_database NOT IN (SELECT name
                                     FROM   sys.databases);

		/* Remove databases requested to be skipped */

      IF @DatabasesToSkip IS NOT NULL
         BEGIN
               DELETE   FROM @Items;
               SET @LenList = LEN(@DatabasesToSkip) + 1;
               SET @ld = LEN(@delimiter);
 
               WITH a AS (SELECT    [start] = 1
                                   ,[end] = COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@delimiter,
                                            @DatabasesToSkip,
                                            1), 0), @LenList)
                                   ,[value] = SUBSTRING(@DatabasesToSkip,
                                            1,
                                            COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@delimiter,
                                            @DatabasesToSkip,
                                            1), 0), @LenList)
                                            - 1)
                          UNION ALL
                          SELECT    [start] = CONVERT(INT, [end])
                                    + @ld
                                   ,[end] = COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@delimiter,
                                            @DatabasesToSkip,
                                            [end] + @ld), 0),
                                            @LenList)
                                   ,[value] = SUBSTRING(@DatabasesToSkip,
                                            [end] + @ld,
                                            COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@delimiter,
                                            @DatabasesToSkip,
                                            [end] + @ld), 0),
                                            @LenList)
                                            - [end] - @ld)
                          FROM      a
                          WHERE     [end] < @LenList
                         )
                    INSERT  @Items
                            SELECT  [value]
                            FROM    a
                            WHERE   LEN([value]) > 0
                    OPTION  (MAXRECURSION 0);

               SELECT   Item
                        + ' database skipped (per input parameter)'
               FROM     @Items;
 
               DELETE   FROM ##DatabasesToInvestigate
               WHERE    the_database IN (SELECT
                                            Item
                                         FROM
                                            @Items);


         END;


/* Now loop through all databases and do the work
   
   Note: re-using @DatabaseToInvestigate variable. This is poor coding
	but eliminates me having to re-write everything following this to
	add in looping functionality.
*/

      WHILE @DatabaseToInvestigate IS NOT NULL
            BEGIN

                  SELECT TOP 1
                            @DatabaseToInvestigate = the_database
                  FROM      ##DatabasesToInvestigate;

                  IF @@rowcount = 0
                     BREAK; /* no more dbs */
--============================================================================
-- INDEX REBUILD COUNT 
--============================================================================

                  IF EXISTS ( SELECT    name
                              FROM      tempdb.sys.objects
                              WHERE     name = '##Recommendations' )
                     BEGIN
                           DROP TABLE ##Recommendations;
                     END;

                  IF EXISTS ( SELECT    name
                              FROM      tempdb.sys.objects
                              WHERE     name = '##Index_History' )
                     BEGIN
                           DROP TABLE ##Index_History;
                     END;
 
                  IF EXISTS ( SELECT    name
                              FROM      tempdb.sys.objects
                              WHERE     name = '##Indexes' )
                     BEGIN
                           DROP TABLE ##Indexes;
                     END;

                  CREATE TABLE ##Recommendations
                         (
                          CommandLine VARCHAR(MAX)
                         );



                  CREATE TABLE ##Index_History
                         (
                          the_database sysname
                         ,the_schema sysname
                         ,the_object sysname
                         ,the_index sysname
                         ,index_type VARCHAR(13)
                         ,fill_factor TINYINT
                         ,rebuild_count INT NULL
                         ,reorg_count INT NULL
                         );
 
                  CREATE TABLE ##Indexes
                         (
                          the_schema sysname
                         ,the_object sysname
                         ,the_index sysname
                         ,fill_factor TINYINT
                         );
 
                  SET @SQLstr = 'INSERT  INTO ##Indexes
        (the_schema
        ,the_object
        ,the_index
        ,fill_factor)
        SELECT  OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(SO.object_id, DB_ID('''
                      + @DatabaseToInvestigate
                      + ''')) AS the_schema
               ,SO.name AS the_object
               ,SI.name AS the_index
               ,SI.fill_factor
        FROM    [' + @DatabaseToInvestigate
                      + '].sys.objects SO
                INNER JOIN [' + @DatabaseToInvestigate
                      + '].sys.indexes SI ON SO.object_id = SI.object_id
        WHERE   SI.index_id > 0;';
		--PRINT @SQLstr
                  EXEC (@SQLstr);
 
                  SET @SQLstr = 'INSERT  INTO ##Index_History
        (the_database
        ,the_schema
        ,the_object
        ,the_index
        ,index_type
        ,fill_factor
        ,rebuild_count
        ,reorg_count)
        SELECT  C.DatabaseName
               ,C.SchemaName
               ,C.ObjectName
               ,C.IndexName
               ,CASE C.IndexType
                  WHEN 1 THEN ''Clustered''
                  ELSE ''Non-Clustered''
                END AS IndexType
               ,IX.fill_factor
               ,COUNT(C.ID) AS rebuild_count
               ,0 AS reorg_count
        FROM    [' + @CommandLogDatabase
                      + '].dbo.CommandLog C
                LEFT JOIN ##Indexes IX ON C.SchemaName = IX.the_schema
                                          AND C.ObjectName = IX.the_object
                                          AND C.IndexName = IX.the_index
        WHERE   C.CommandType = ''ALTER_INDEX''
                AND C.ObjectType = ''U''
                AND C.Command LIKE ''%REBUILD%''
                AND C.DatabaseName = '''
                      + @DatabaseToInvestigate + '''
        GROUP BY C.DatabaseName
               ,C.SchemaName
               ,C.ObjectName
               ,C.IndexName
               ,IndexType
               ,IX.fill_factor;';
		--PRINT @SQLstr
                  EXEC (@SQLstr); 
--============================================================================
-- INDEX REORGANIZE (ONLY) COUNT 
--============================================================================
                  SET @SQLstr = 'INSERT  INTO ##Index_History
        (the_database
        ,the_schema
        ,the_object
        ,the_index
        ,index_type
        ,fill_factor
        ,rebuild_count
        ,reorg_count)
        SELECT  C.DatabaseName
               ,C.SchemaName
               ,C.ObjectName
               ,C.IndexName
               ,CASE C.IndexType
                  WHEN 1 THEN ''Clustered''
                  ELSE ''Non-Clustered''
                END AS IndexType
               ,IX.fill_factor
               ,0 AS rebuild_count
               ,COUNT(C.ID) AS reorg__count
        FROM    [' + @CommandLogDatabase
                      + '].dbo.CommandLog C
                LEFT JOIN ##Indexes IX ON C.SchemaName = IX.the_schema
                                          AND C.ObjectName = IX.the_object
                                          AND C.IndexName = IX.the_index
                LEFT JOIN ##Index_History IH ON C.DatabaseName = IH.the_database
                                                AND C.SchemaName = IH.the_schema
                                                AND C.ObjectName = IH.the_object
                                                AND C.IndexName = IH.the_index
        WHERE   C.CommandType = ''ALTER_INDEX''
                AND C.ObjectType = ''U''
                AND C.Command LIKE ''%REORGANIZE%''
                AND C.DatabaseName = '''
                      + @DatabaseToInvestigate + '''
                AND IH.the_database IS NULL
        GROUP BY C.DatabaseName
               ,C.SchemaName
               ,C.ObjectName
               ,C.IndexName
               ,IndexType
               ,IX.fill_factor;';
		--PRINT @SQLstr
                  EXEC (@SQLstr);
--========================================================
-- ACCOUNT FOR INDEXES BOTH REBUILT AND REORGANIZED
--========================================================
                  SET @SQLstr = 'UPDATE  ##Index_History
					  SET     reorg_count = C2.reorganize_count
					  FROM    ##Index_History IH
					  INNER JOIN (SELECT  C.DatabaseName
						     ,C.SchemaName
							   ,C.ObjectName
							,C.IndexName
                           ,	COUNT(C.ID) AS reorganize_count
                      FROM    [' + @CommandLogDatabase
                      + '].dbo.CommandLog C
                      WHERE   C.CommandType = ''ALTER_INDEX''
                              AND C.ObjectType = ''U''
                              AND C.Command LIKE ''%REORGANIZE%''
                              AND C.DatabaseName = '''
                      + @DatabaseToInvestigate
                      + '''
			          GROUP BY C.DatabaseName
                            ,C.SchemaName
                            ,C.ObjectName
                            ,C.IndexName
                    ) C2 ON IH.the_database = C2.DatabaseName
                            AND IH.the_schema = C2.SchemaName
                            AND IH.the_object = C2.ObjectName
                            AND IH.the_index = C2.IndexName
					  WHERE   IH.rebuild_count > 0';
--print @SQLstr
                  EXEC (@SQLstr); 
--============================================================================
-- RETURN THE RESULTS
--============================================================================
 
                  SELECT    the_database
                           ,the_schema
                           ,the_object
                           ,the_index
                           ,index_type
                           ,ISNULL(CONVERT(VARCHAR(20), fill_factor),
                                   'No longer exists') AS fill_factor
                           ,rebuild_count
                           ,reorg_count
                  FROM      ##Index_History
                  WHERE     rebuild_count >= @CountThreshold
                            OR reorg_count >= @CountThreshold
                  ORDER BY  the_database
                           ,rebuild_count DESC
                           ,reorg_count DESC
                           ,the_object
                           ,the_index;
 

                  INSERT    INTO ##Recommendations
                            (CommandLine)
                            SELECT  'USE [' + the_database
                                    + ']; ' + @CRLF
                                    + 'ALTER INDEX ['
                                    + the_index + '] ON ['
                                    + the_schema + '].['
                                    + the_object + '] '
                                    + @CRLF + 'REBUILD '
                                    + CASE WHEN @SQLVersion = 9
                                           THEN ' '
                                           WHEN @SQLVersion > 9
                                           THEN 'PARTITION = ALL '
                                      END
                                    + 'WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, '
                                    + 'STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = ON, '
                                    + CASE @SupportsOnlineRebuilds
                                        WHEN 1
                                        THEN 'ONLINE = ON, '
                                        WHEN 0
                                        THEN 'ONLINE = OFF, '
                                      END + @CRLF
                                    + 'ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON, FILLFACTOR = '
                                    + CASE WHEN fill_factor = '0'
                                           THEN CAST(@OverRebuildThresholdNewFF AS VARCHAR(3))
                                           WHEN fill_factor = '100'
                                           THEN CAST(@OverRebuildThresholdNewFF AS VARCHAR(3))
                                           WHEN fill_factor <= @OverRebuildThresholdNewFF
                                           THEN CAST(fill_factor
                                            - 10 AS VARCHAR(3))
                                           WHEN (fill_factor > @OverRebuildThresholdNewFF
                                            AND fill_factor < 100)
                                           THEN CAST(@OverRebuildThresholdNewFF AS VARCHAR(3))
                                           ELSE NULL /* unknown case */
                                      END + '); ' + @CRLF
                                    + '/* Analysis: Excessive rebuilds ('
                                    + CAST(rebuild_count AS VARCHAR(3))
                                    + ') and '
                                    + 'current fill factor = '
                                    + CAST(fill_factor AS VARCHAR(3))
                                    + ' */' + @CRLF + @CRLF AS RebuildCommand
                            FROM    ##Index_History
                            WHERE   rebuild_count >= @CountThreshold
                                    AND (fill_factor = 0
                                         OR fill_factor >= 60)
                            UNION ALL
                            SELECT  'USE [' + the_database
                                    + ']; ' + @CRLF
                                    + 'ALTER INDEX ['
                                    + the_index + '] ON ['
                                    + the_schema + '].['
                                    + the_object + '] '
                                    + @CRLF + 'REBUILD '
                                    + CASE WHEN @SQLVersion = 9
                                           THEN ' '
                                           WHEN @SQLVersion > 9
                                           THEN 'PARTITION = ALL '
                                      END
                                    + 'WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, '
                                    + 'STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = ON, '
                                    + CASE @SupportsOnlineRebuilds
                                        WHEN 1
                                        THEN 'ONLINE = ON, '
                                        WHEN 0
                                        THEN 'ONLINE = OFF, '
                                      END + @CRLF
                                    + 'ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON, FILLFACTOR = '
                                    + CASE WHEN fill_factor = '0'
                                           THEN CAST(@OverReorgThresholdNewFF AS VARCHAR(3))
                                           WHEN fill_factor = '100'
                                           THEN CAST(@OverReorgThresholdNewFF AS VARCHAR(3))
                                           WHEN fill_factor <= @OverReorgThresholdNewFF
                                           THEN CAST(fill_factor
                                            - 10 AS VARCHAR(3))
                                           WHEN (fill_factor > @OverReorgThresholdNewFF
                                            AND fill_factor < 100)
                                           THEN CAST(@OverReorgThresholdNewFF AS VARCHAR(3))
                                           ELSE NULL /* unknown case */
                                      END + '); ' + @CRLF
                                    + '/* Analysis: Excessive reorgs ('
                                    + CAST(reorg_count AS VARCHAR(3))
                                    + ') and '
                                    + 'current fill factor = '
                                    + CAST(fill_factor AS VARCHAR(3))
                                    + ' */' + @CRLF + @CRLF AS RebuildCommand
                            FROM    ##Index_History
                            WHERE   reorg_count >= @CountThreshold
                                    AND (fill_factor = 0
                                         OR fill_factor >= 60);

                  IF EXISTS ( SELECT    1
                              FROM      ##Recommendations )
							  OR EXISTS ( SELECT
                                            1
                                       FROM ##Index_History
                                       WHERE
                                            (rebuild_count >= @CountThreshold
                                            OR reorg_count >= @CountThreshold)
                                            AND fill_factor <= 50
                                            AND fill_factor > 0 )
                     BEGIN
                           SET @EmailBody = @CRLF
                               + 'Analysis of the index defrag log table has been performed and it appears '
                               + 'there are indexes that are being repeatedly defragged. Repeated defragging may '
                               + 'indicate the indexes need a lower fill factor to reduce page splits. Repeated '
                               + 'defragging also wastes resources and generates large amounts of potentially '
                               + 'unnecessary transaction log entries. The parameters used to generate this report '
                               + 'are: ' + @CRLF + @CRLF
                               + 'Server: ' + @@SERVERNAME
                               + @CRLF + 'Database: '
                               + @DatabaseToInvestigate
                               + @CRLF
                               + 'Min number of rebuilds / reorgs flagged as excessive: '
                               + CAST(@CountThreshold AS VARCHAR(3))
                               + '. ' + @CRLF
                               + 'Starting suggested fill factor for excessive rebuilds: '
                               + CAST(@OverRebuildThresholdNewFF AS VARCHAR(3))
                               + '. ' + @CRLF
                               + 'Starting suggested fill factor for excessive reorgs: '
                               + CAST(@OverReorgThresholdNewFF AS VARCHAR(3))
                               + '. ' + @CRLF + @CRLF
                               + @CRLF
                               + 'Below are the suggested commands to change the fill factor on the indexes in question. '
                               + 'These commands should be carefully evaluated before being run to ensure they are '
                               + 'appropriate for the situation! In particular, if this routine is run more frequently '
                               + 'than the defrag log table is cleared, it may result in inappropriate fill factor '
                               + 'recommendations.' + @CRLF
                               + @CRLF + @CRLF;

                           IF @SupportsOnlineRebuilds = 1
                              BEGIN
                                    SET @EmailBody = @EmailBody
                                        + 'SQL Server edition does support online index rebuilds.'
                                        + @CRLF + @CRLF;
                              END;
                           ELSE
                              BEGIN
                                    SET @EmailBody = @EmailBody
                                        + 'SQL Server edition does NOT support online index rebuilds.'
                                        + @CRLF + @CRLF;
                              END;


                           IF EXISTS ( SELECT
                                            1
                                       FROM ##Index_History
                                       WHERE
                                            (rebuild_count >= @CountThreshold
                                            OR reorg_count >= @CountThreshold)
                                            AND fill_factor <= 50
                                            AND fill_factor > 0 )
                              BEGIN
                                    SET @EmailBody = @EmailBody
                                        + @CRLF + @CRLF
                                        + 'Note: Some indexes were found that are being defragged regularly and have a fill factor '
                                        + 'setting of 50 or less. Reducing the fill factor further is not generally recommended '
                                        + 'and further investigation is warranted.'
                                        + @CRLF + @CRLF;

                                    INSERT  INTO ##Recommendations
                                            (CommandLine)
                                            SELECT
                                            '/* Database ['
                                            + the_database
                                            + '], index ['
                                            + the_index
                                            + ']' + ' on ['
                                            + the_schema
                                            + '].['
                                            + the_object
                                            + '] '
                                            + 'is being repeatedly rebuilt and its fill factor '
                                            + 'is already set to 50 or less. This likely is worth a deeper '
                                            + 'investigation. */' AS RebuildCommand
                                            FROM
                                            ##Index_History
                                            WHERE
                                            rebuild_count >= @CountThreshold
                                            AND fill_factor <= 50
                                            AND fill_factor > 0
                                            UNION ALL
                                            SELECT
                                            '/* Database ['
                                            + the_database
                                            + '], index ['
                                            + the_index
                                            + ']' + ' on ['
                                            + the_schema
                                            + '].['
                                            + the_object
                                            + '] '
                                            + 'is being repeatedly reorganized and its fill factor '
                                            + 'is already set to 50 or less. This likely is worth a deeper '
                                            + 'investigation. */' AS RebuildCommand
                                            FROM
                                            ##Index_History
                                            WHERE
                                            reorg_count >= @CountThreshold
                                            AND fill_factor <= 50
                                            AND fill_factor > 0;

                              END;
                           SET @EmailSubject = 'Excessive Index Defragmenting found on '
                               + @@Servername
                               + ', database '
                               + @DatabaseToInvestigate;
					
                           EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail
                            @profile_name = @MailProfileName
                           ,@recipients = @MailRecipients
                           ,@subject = @EmailSubject
                           ,@body = @EmailBody
                           ,@query = 'SELECT * FROM ##Recommendations'
                           ,@query_result_width = 32767
                           ,@query_no_truncate = 1;


                     END;

--============================================================================
-- CLEANUP THE MESS
--============================================================================

                  IF EXISTS ( SELECT    name
                              FROM      tempdb.sys.objects
                              WHERE     name = '##Index_History' )
                     BEGIN
                           DROP TABLE ##Index_History;
                     END;
 
                  IF EXISTS ( SELECT    name
                              FROM      tempdb.sys.objects
                              WHERE     name = '##Indexes' )
                     BEGIN
                           DROP TABLE ##Indexes;
                     END;

                  IF EXISTS ( SELECT    name
                              FROM      tempdb.sys.objects
                              WHERE     name = '##Recommendations' )
                     BEGIN
                           DROP TABLE ##Recommendations;
                     END;

                  DELETE    FROM ##DatabasesToInvestigate
                  WHERE     the_database = @DatabaseToInvestigate;

            END;

      IF EXISTS ( SELECT    name
                  FROM      tempdb.sys.objects
                  WHERE     name = '##DatabasesToInvestigate' )
         BEGIN
               DROP TABLE ##DatabasesToInvestigate;
         END;

      SET NOCOUNT OFF;